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Type | Label | Description |
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Statement | ||
Theorem | cpmadugsumfi 20501* | The product of the characteristic matrix of a given matrix and its adjunct represented as finite sum. (Contributed by AV, 7-Nov-2019.) (Proof shortened by AV, 29-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑃)) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐼 = ((𝑋 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))(𝐼 × (𝐽‘𝐼)) = ((𝑌 Σg (𝑖 ∈ (1...𝑠) ↦ ((𝑖 ↑ 𝑋) · ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑖 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑖))))))) + ((((𝑠 + 1) ↑ 𝑋) · (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))))) | ||
Theorem | cpmadugsum 20502* | The product of the characteristic matrix of a given matrix and its adjunct represented as an infinite sum. (Contributed by AV, 10-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑃)) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐼 = ((𝑋 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))(𝐼 × (𝐽‘𝐼)) = (𝑌 Σg (𝑖 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑖 ↑ 𝑋) · (𝐺‘𝑖))))) | ||
Theorem | cpmidgsum2 20503* | Representation of the identity matrix multiplied with the characteristic polynomial of a matrix as another group sum. (Contributed by AV, 10-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑃)) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐼 = ((𝑋 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝐶‘𝑀) & ⊢ 𝐻 = (𝐾 · 1 ) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))𝐻 = (𝑌 Σg (𝑖 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑖 ↑ 𝑋) · (𝐺‘𝑖))))) | ||
Theorem | cpmidg2sum 20504* | Equality of two sums representing the identity matrix multiplied with the characteristic polynomial of a matrix. (Contributed by AV, 11-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑃)) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐼 = ((𝑋 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝐶‘𝑀) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (algSc‘𝑃) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))(𝑌 Σg (𝑖 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑖 ↑ 𝑋) · ((𝑈‘((coe1‘𝐾)‘𝑖)) · 1 )))) = (𝑌 Σg (𝑖 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑖 ↑ 𝑋) · (𝐺‘𝑖))))) | ||
Theorem | cpmadumatpolylem1 20505* | Lemma 1 for cpmadumatpoly 20507. (Contributed by AV, 20-Nov-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑁 ConstPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐷 = ((𝑍 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑄 = (Poly1‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑄) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑄)) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ ((((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ 𝑠 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))) → (𝑈 ∘ 𝐺) ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 ℕ0)) | ||
Theorem | cpmadumatpolylem2 20506* | Lemma 2 for cpmadumatpoly 20507. (Contributed by AV, 20-Nov-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑁 ConstPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐷 = ((𝑍 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑄 = (Poly1‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑄) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑄)) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ ((((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ 𝑠 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))) → (𝑈 ∘ 𝐺) finSupp (0g‘𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | cpmadumatpoly 20507* | The product of the characteristic matrix of a given matrix and its adjunct represented as a polynomial over matrices. (Contributed by AV, 20-Nov-2019.) (Revised by AV, 7-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑁 ConstPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐷 = ((𝑍 · 1 ) − (𝑇‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (𝑁 maAdju 𝑃) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑄 = (Poly1‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑄) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑄)) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐼 = (𝑁 pMatToMatPoly 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))(𝐼‘(𝐷 × (𝐽‘𝐷))) = (𝑄 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑈‘(𝐺‘𝑛)) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑋))))) | ||
Theorem | cayhamlem2 20508 | Lemma for cayhamlem3 20511. (Contributed by AV, 24-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) & ⊢ · = (.r‘𝐴) ⇒ ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ (𝐻 ∈ (𝐾 ↑𝑚 ℕ0) ∧ 𝐿 ∈ ℕ0)) → ((𝐻‘𝐿) ∗ (𝐿 ↑ 𝑀)) = ((𝐿 ↑ 𝑀) · ((𝐻‘𝐿) ∗ 1 ))) | ||
Theorem | chcoeffeqlem 20509* | Lemma for chcoeffeq 20510. (Contributed by AV, 21-Nov-2019.) (Proof shortened by AV, 7-Dec-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝐶‘𝑀) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ (𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠)))) → (((Poly1‘𝐴) Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑈‘(𝐺‘𝑛))( ·𝑠 ‘(Poly1‘𝐴))(𝑛(.g‘(mulGrp‘(Poly1‘𝐴)))(var1‘𝐴))))) = ((Poly1‘𝐴) Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((((coe1‘𝐾)‘𝑛) ∗ 1 )( ·𝑠 ‘(Poly1‘𝐴))(𝑛(.g‘(mulGrp‘(Poly1‘𝐴)))(var1‘𝐴))))) → ∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 (𝑈‘(𝐺‘𝑛)) = (((coe1‘𝐾)‘𝑛) ∗ 1 ))) | ||
Theorem | chcoeffeq 20510* | The coefficients of the characteristic polynomial multiplied with the identity matrix represented by (transformed) ring elements obtained from the adjunct of the characteristic matrix. (Contributed by AV, 21-Nov-2019.) (Proof shortened by AV, 8-Dec-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝐶‘𝑀) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 (𝑈‘(𝐺‘𝑛)) = (((coe1‘𝐾)‘𝑛) ∗ 1 )) | ||
Theorem | cayhamlem3 20511* | Lemma for cayhamlem4 20512. (Contributed by AV, 24-Nov-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝐶‘𝑀) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) & ⊢ · = (.r‘𝐴) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))(𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ (((coe1‘𝐾)‘𝑛) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑀)))) = (𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑛 ↑ 𝑀) · (𝑈‘(𝐺‘𝑛)))))) | ||
Theorem | cayhamlem4 20512* | Lemma for cayleyhamilton 20514. (Contributed by AV, 25-Nov-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (𝐶‘𝑀) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, ( 0 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 0 , ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) & ⊢ 𝐸 = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑌)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑠 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑏 ∈ (𝐵 ↑𝑚 (0...𝑠))(𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ (((coe1‘𝐾)‘𝑛) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑀)))) = (𝑈‘(𝑌 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝑛𝐸(𝑇‘𝑀)) × (𝐺‘𝑛)))))) | ||
Theorem | cayleyhamilton0 20513* | The Cayley-Hamilton theorem: A matrix over a commutative ring "satisfies its own characteristic equation". This version of cayleyhamilton 20514 provides definitions not used in the theorem itself, but in its proof to make it clearer, more readable and shorter compared with a proof without them (see cayleyhamiltonALT 20515)! (Contributed by AV, 25-Nov-2019.) (Revised by AV, 15-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐴) & ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐴) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (coe1‘(𝐶‘𝑀)) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑃) & ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑌) & ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0g‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝑊 = (Base‘𝑌) & ⊢ 𝐸 = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑌)) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑁 matToPolyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑛 = 0, (𝑍 − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘0)))), if(𝑛 = (𝑠 + 1), (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑠)), if((𝑠 + 1) < 𝑛, 𝑍, ((𝑇‘(𝑏‘(𝑛 − 1))) − ((𝑇‘𝑀) × (𝑇‘(𝑏‘𝑛)))))))) & ⊢ 𝑈 = (𝑁 cPolyMatToMat 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝐾‘𝑛) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑀)))) = 0 ) | ||
Theorem | cayleyhamilton 20514* | The Cayley-Hamilton theorem: A matrix over a commutative ring "satisfies its own characteristic equation", see theorem 7.8 in [Roman] p. 170 (without proof!), or theorem 3.1 in [Lang] p. 561. In other words, a matrix over a commutative ring "inserted" into its characteristic polynomial results in zero. This is Metamath 100 proof #49. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 25-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (coe1‘(𝐶‘𝑀)) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝐾‘𝑛) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑀)))) = 0 ) | ||
Theorem | cayleyhamiltonALT 20515* | Alternate proof of cayleyhamilton 20514, the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. This proof does not use cayleyhamilton0 20513 directly, but has the same structure as the proof of cayleyhamilton0 20513. In contrast to the proof of cayleyhamilton0 20513, only the definitions required to formulate the theorem itself are used, causing the definitions used in the lemmas being expanded, which makes the proof longer and more difficult to read. (Contributed by AV, 25-Nov-2019.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (coe1‘(𝐶‘𝑀)) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝐾‘𝑛) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑀)))) = 0 ) | ||
Theorem | cayleyhamilton1 20516* | The Cayley-Hamilton theorem: A matrix over a commutative ring "satisfies its own characteristic equation", or, in other words, a matrix over a commutative ring "inserted" into its characteristic polynomial results in zero. In this variant of cayleyhamilton 20514, the meaning of "inserted" is made more transparent: If the characteristic polynomial is a polynomial with coefficients (𝐹‘𝑛), then a matrix over a commutative ring "inserted" into its characteristic polynomial is the sum of these coefficients multiplied with the corresponding power of the matrix. (Contributed by AV, 25-Nov-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑁 Mat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐴) & ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐴) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑁 CharPlyMat 𝑅) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (coe1‘(𝐶‘𝑀)) & ⊢ ∗ = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐴) & ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝐴)) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (Base‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑋 = (var1‘𝑅) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (Poly1‘𝑅) & ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑃) & ⊢ 𝐸 = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑃)) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0g‘𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑀 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ (𝐹 ∈ (𝐿 ↑𝑚 ℕ0) ∧ 𝐹 finSupp 𝑍)) → ((𝐶‘𝑀) = (𝑃 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝐹‘𝑛) · (𝑛𝐸𝑋)))) → (𝐴 Σg (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((𝐹‘𝑛) ∗ (𝑛 ↑ 𝑀)))) = 0 )) | ||
Syntax | ctop 20517 | Extend class notation with the class of all topologies. |
class Top | ||
Syntax | ctopon 20518 | The class function of all topologies over a base set. |
class TopOn | ||
Syntax | ctps 20519 | Extend class notation with the class of all topological spaces. |
class TopSp | ||
Syntax | ctb 20520 | Extend class notation with the class of all topological bases. |
class TopBases | ||
Definition | df-top 20521* |
Define the (proper) class of all topologies. See istop2g 20526 for an
alternate way to express finite intersection.
The final form of the definition is due to Bourbaki (Def. 1 of [BourbakiTop1] p. I.1), while the idea of defining a topology in terms of its open sets is due to Aleksandrov. For the convoluted history of the definitions of these notions, see Gregory H. Moore, The emergence of open sets, closed sets, and limit points in analysis and topology, Historia Mathematica 35 (2008) 220--241. (Contributed by NM, 3-Mar-2006.) (Revised by BJ, 20-Oct-2018.) |
⊢ Top = {𝑥 ∣ (∀𝑦 ∈ 𝒫 𝑥∪ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑦 ∩ 𝑧) ∈ 𝑥)} | ||
Definition | df-bases 20522* | Define the class of all topological bases. Equivalent to definition of basis in [Munkres] p. 78 (see isbasis2g 20563). Note that "bases" is the plural of "basis." (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ TopBases = {𝑥 ∣ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑦 ∩ 𝑧) ⊆ ∪ (𝑥 ∩ 𝒫 (𝑦 ∩ 𝑧))} | ||
Definition | df-topon 20523* | Define the set of topologies with a given base set. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 31-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ TopOn = (𝑏 ∈ V ↦ {𝑗 ∈ Top ∣ 𝑏 = ∪ 𝑗}) | ||
Definition | df-topsp 20524 | Define the class of all topological spaces (structures). (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ TopSp = {𝑓 ∣ (TopOpen‘𝑓) ∈ (TopOn‘(Base‘𝑓))} | ||
Theorem | istopg 20525* | Express the predicate "𝐽 is a topology." Note: In the literature, a topology is often represented by a script letter T, which resembles the letter J. This confusion may have led to J being used by some authors - e.g. K. D. Joshi, Introduction to General Topology (1983), p. 114 - and it is convenient for us since we later use 𝑇 to represent linear transformations (operators). (Contributed by Stefan Allan, 3-Mar-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ 𝐴 → (𝐽 ∈ Top ↔ (∀𝑥(𝑥 ⊆ 𝐽 → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐽) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐽 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦) ∈ 𝐽))) | ||
Theorem | istop2g 20526* | Express the predicate "𝐽 is a topology," using "the intersection of the elements of any finite subcollection" instead of the intersection of any two elements. (Contributed by NM, 19-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ 𝐴 → (𝐽 ∈ Top ↔ (∀𝑥(𝑥 ⊆ 𝐽 → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐽) ∧ ∀𝑥((𝑥 ⊆ 𝐽 ∧ 𝑥 ≠ ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ Fin) → ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐽)))) | ||
Theorem | uniopn 20527 | The union of a subset of a topology is an open set. (Contributed by Stefan Allan, 27-Feb-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐽) → ∪ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | iunopn 20528* | The indexed union of a subset of a topology is an open set. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | inopn 20529 | The intersection of two open sets of a topology is also an open set. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) → (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | fitop 20530 | A topology is closed under finite intersections. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 7-Oct-2009.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (fi‘𝐽) = 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | fiinopn 20531 | The intersection of a nonempty finite family of open sets is open. (Contributed by FL, 20-Apr-2012.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ((𝐴 ⊆ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ ∅ ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Fin) → ∩ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽)) | ||
Theorem | iinopn 20532* | The intersection of a nonempty finite family of open sets is open. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Sep-2014.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ (𝐴 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝐴 ≠ ∅ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽)) → ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | unopn 20533 | The union of two open sets is open. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 2-Sep-2009.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) → (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | 0opn 20534 | The empty set is an open subset of a topology. (Contributed by Stefan Allan, 27-Feb-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ∅ ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | 0ntop 20535 | The empty set is not a topology. (Contributed by FL, 1-Jun-2008.) |
⊢ ¬ ∅ ∈ Top | ||
Theorem | topopn 20536 | The underlying set of a topology is an open set. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽 ⇒ ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | eltopss 20537 | A member of a topology is a subset of its underlying set. (Contributed by NM, 12-Sep-2006.) |
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽) → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋) | ||
Theorem | riinopn 20538* | A finite indexed relative intersection of open sets is open. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 22-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Fin ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) → (𝑋 ∩ ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵) ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | rintopn 20539 | A finite relative intersection of open sets is open. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 22-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Fin) → (𝑋 ∩ ∩ 𝐴) ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | istopon 20540 | Property of being a topology with a given base set. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 31-Jan-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) ↔ (𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐵 = ∪ 𝐽)) | ||
Theorem | topontop 20541 | A topology on a given base set is a topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) → 𝐽 ∈ Top) | ||
Theorem | toponuni 20542 | The base set of a topology on a given base set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) → 𝐵 = ∪ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | toponmax 20543 | The base set of a topology is an open set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) → 𝐵 ∈ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | toponss 20544 | A member of a topology is a subset of its underlying set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 21-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽) → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋) | ||
Theorem | toponcom 20545 | If 𝐾 is a topology on the base set of topology 𝐽, then 𝐽 is a topology on the base of 𝐾. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 22-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (TopOn‘∪ 𝐽)) → 𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘∪ 𝐾)) | ||
Theorem | topontopi 20546 | A topology on a given base set is a topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) ⇒ ⊢ 𝐽 ∈ Top | ||
Theorem | toponunii 20547 | The base set of a topology on a given base set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) ⇒ ⊢ 𝐵 = ∪ 𝐽 | ||
Theorem | toptopon 20548 | Alternative definition of Top in terms of TopOn. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽 ⇒ ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top ↔ 𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋)) | ||
Theorem | topgele 20549 | The topologies over the same set have the greatest element (the discrete topology) and the least element (the indiscrete topology). (Contributed by FL, 18-Apr-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) → ({∅, 𝑋} ⊆ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐽 ⊆ 𝒫 𝑋)) | ||
Theorem | topsn 20550 | The only topology on a singleton is the discrete topology (which is also the indiscrete topology by pwsn 4366). (Contributed by FL, 5-Jan-2009.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘{𝐴}) → 𝐽 = 𝒫 {𝐴}) | ||
Theorem | istps 20551 | Express the predicate "is a topological space." (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (TopOpen‘𝐾) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐾 ∈ TopSp ↔ 𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | istps2 20552 | Express the predicate "is a topological space." (Contributed by NM, 20-Oct-2012.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (TopOpen‘𝐾) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐾 ∈ TopSp ↔ (𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 = ∪ 𝐽)) | ||
Theorem | tpsuni 20553 | The base set of a topological space. (Contributed by FL, 27-Jun-2014.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (TopOpen‘𝐾) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐾 ∈ TopSp → 𝐴 = ∪ 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | tpstop 20554 | The topology extractor on a topological space is a topology. (Contributed by FL, 27-Jun-2014.) |
⊢ 𝐽 = (TopOpen‘𝐾) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐾 ∈ TopSp → 𝐽 ∈ Top) | ||
Theorem | tpspropd 20555 | A topological space depends only on the base and topology components. (Contributed by NM, 18-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (Base‘𝐾) = (Base‘𝐿)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → (TopOpen‘𝐾) = (TopOpen‘𝐿)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ TopSp ↔ 𝐿 ∈ TopSp)) | ||
Theorem | tpsprop2d 20556 | A topological space depends only on the base and topology components. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (Base‘𝐾) = (Base‘𝐿)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → (TopSet‘𝐾) = (TopSet‘𝐿)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ TopSp ↔ 𝐿 ∈ TopSp)) | ||
Theorem | topontopn 20557 | Express the predicate "is a topological space." (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (TopSet‘𝐾) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴) → 𝐽 = (TopOpen‘𝐾)) | ||
Theorem | tsettps 20558 | If the topology component is already correctly truncated, then it forms a topological space (with the topology extractor function coming out the same as the component). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = (Base‘𝐾) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (TopSet‘𝐾) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴) → 𝐾 ∈ TopSp) | ||
Theorem | istpsi 20559 | Properties that determine a topological space. (Contributed by NM, 20-Oct-2012.) |
⊢ (Base‘𝐾) = 𝐴 & ⊢ (TopOpen‘𝐾) = 𝐽 & ⊢ 𝐴 = ∪ 𝐽 & ⊢ 𝐽 ∈ Top ⇒ ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp | ||
Theorem | eltpsg 20560 | Properties that determine a topological space from a construction (using no explicit indices). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐾 = {〈(Base‘ndx), 𝐴〉, 〈(TopSet‘ndx), 𝐽〉} ⇒ ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴) → 𝐾 ∈ TopSp) | ||
Theorem | eltpsi 20561 | Properties that determine a topological space from a construction (using no explicit indices). (Contributed by NM, 20-Oct-2012.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐾 = {〈(Base‘ndx), 𝐴〉, 〈(TopSet‘ndx), 𝐽〉} & ⊢ 𝐴 = ∪ 𝐽 & ⊢ 𝐽 ∈ Top ⇒ ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp | ||
Theorem | isbasisg 20562* | Express the predicate "𝐵 is a basis for a topology." (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝐶 → (𝐵 ∈ TopBases ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦) ⊆ ∪ (𝐵 ∩ 𝒫 (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦)))) | ||
Theorem | isbasis2g 20563* | Express the predicate "𝐵 is a basis for a topology." (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝐶 → (𝐵 ∈ TopBases ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑧 ∈ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦)∃𝑤 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑧 ∈ 𝑤 ∧ 𝑤 ⊆ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦)))) | ||
Theorem | isbasis3g 20564* | Express the predicate "𝐵 is a basis for a topology." Definition of basis in [Munkres] p. 78. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝐶 → (𝐵 ∈ TopBases ↔ (∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 𝑥 ⊆ ∪ 𝐵 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝐵∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 𝑥 ∈ 𝑦 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑧 ∈ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦)∃𝑤 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑧 ∈ 𝑤 ∧ 𝑤 ⊆ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦))))) | ||
Theorem | basis1 20565 | Property of a basis. (Contributed by NM, 16-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ TopBases ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐶 ∩ 𝐷) ⊆ ∪ (𝐵 ∩ 𝒫 (𝐶 ∩ 𝐷))) | ||
Theorem | basis2 20566* | Property of a basis. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (((𝐵 ∈ TopBases ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ (𝐷 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐷))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐴 ∈ 𝑥 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐶 ∩ 𝐷))) | ||
Theorem | fiinbas 20567* | If a set is closed under finite intersection, then it is a basis for a topology. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 2-Sep-2009.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ 𝐶 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦) ∈ 𝐵) → 𝐵 ∈ TopBases) | ||
Theorem | basdif0 20568 | A basis is not affected by the addition or removal of the empty set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∖ {∅}) ∈ TopBases ↔ 𝐵 ∈ TopBases) | ||
Theorem | baspartn 20569* | A disjoint system of sets is a basis for a topology. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝑃 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑃 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑃 (𝑥 = 𝑦 ∨ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦) = ∅)) → 𝑃 ∈ TopBases) | ||
Theorem | tgval 20570* | The topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by NM, 16-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (topGen‘𝐵) = {𝑥 ∣ 𝑥 ⊆ ∪ (𝐵 ∩ 𝒫 𝑥)}) | ||
Theorem | tgval2 20571* | Definition of a topology generated by a basis in [Munkres] p. 78. Later we show (in tgcl 20584) that (topGen‘𝐵) is indeed a topology (on ∪ 𝐵; see unitg 20582). (Contributed by NM, 15-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (topGen‘𝐵) = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ ∪ 𝐵 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑦 ∈ 𝑧 ∧ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥))}) | ||
Theorem | eltg 20572 | Membership in a topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by NM, 16-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) ↔ 𝐴 ⊆ ∪ (𝐵 ∩ 𝒫 𝐴))) | ||
Theorem | eltg2 20573* | Membership in a topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by NM, 15-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) ↔ (𝐴 ⊆ ∪ 𝐵 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑥 ∈ 𝑦 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝐴)))) | ||
Theorem | eltg2b 20574* | Membership in a topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑥 ∈ 𝑦 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝐴))) | ||
Theorem | eltg4i 20575 | An open set in a topology generated by a basis is the union of all basic open sets contained in it. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) → 𝐴 = ∪ (𝐵 ∩ 𝒫 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | eltg3i 20576 | The union of a set of basic open sets is in the generated topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵) → ∪ 𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | eltg3 20577* | Membership in a topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by NM, 15-Jul-2006.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 30-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) ↔ ∃𝑥(𝑥 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 = ∪ 𝑥))) | ||
Theorem | tgval3 20578* | Alternate expression for the topology generated by a basis. Lemma 2.1 of [Munkres] p. 80. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 30-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (topGen‘𝐵) = {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑦(𝑦 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑦)}) | ||
Theorem | tg1 20579 | Property of a member of a topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) → 𝐴 ⊆ ∪ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | tg2 20580* | Property of a member of a topology generated by a basis. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝐴) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐶 ∈ 𝑥 ∧ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | bastg 20581 | A member of a basis is a subset of the topology it generates. (Contributed by NM, 16-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝐵 ⊆ (topGen‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | unitg 20582 | The topology generated by a basis 𝐵 is a topology on ∪ 𝐵. Importantly, this theorem means that we don't have to specify separately the base set for the topological space generated by a basis. In other words, any member of the class TopBases completely specifies the basis it corresponds to. (Contributed by NM, 16-Jul-2006.) (Proof shortened by OpenAI, 30-Mar-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → ∪ (topGen‘𝐵) = ∪ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | tgss 20583 | Subset relation for generated topologies. (Contributed by NM, 7-May-2007.) |
⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐶) → (topGen‘𝐵) ⊆ (topGen‘𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | tgcl 20584 | Show that a basis generates a topology. Remark in [Munkres] p. 79. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ TopBases → (topGen‘𝐵) ∈ Top) | ||
Theorem | tgclb 20585 | The property tgcl 20584 can be reversed: if the topology generated by 𝐵 is actually a topology, then 𝐵 must be a topological basis. This yields an alternative definition of TopBases. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 2-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ TopBases ↔ (topGen‘𝐵) ∈ Top) | ||
Theorem | tgtopon 20586 | A basis generates a topology on ∪ 𝐵. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ TopBases → (topGen‘𝐵) ∈ (TopOn‘∪ 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | topbas 20587 | A topology is its own basis. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → 𝐽 ∈ TopBases) | ||
Theorem | tgtop 20588 | A topology is its own basis. (Contributed by NM, 18-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (topGen‘𝐽) = 𝐽) | ||
Theorem | eltop 20589 | Membership in a topology, expressed without quantifiers. (Contributed by NM, 19-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐽 ↔ 𝐴 ⊆ ∪ (𝐽 ∩ 𝒫 𝐴))) | ||
Theorem | eltop2 20590* | Membership in a topology. (Contributed by NM, 19-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐽 ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑥 ∈ 𝑦 ∧ 𝑦 ⊆ 𝐴))) | ||
Theorem | eltop3 20591* | Membership in a topology. (Contributed by NM, 19-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐽 ↔ ∃𝑥(𝑥 ⊆ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐴 = ∪ 𝑥))) | ||
Theorem | fibas 20592 | A collection of finite intersections is a basis. The initial set is a subbasis for the topology. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 25-Aug-2009.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Nov-2013.) |
⊢ (fi‘𝐴) ∈ TopBases | ||
Theorem | tgdom 20593 | A space has no more open sets than subsets of a basis. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (topGen‘𝐵) ≼ 𝒫 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | tgiun 20594* | The indexed union of a set of basic open sets is in the generated topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 2-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵) → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐶 ∈ (topGen‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | tgidm 20595 | The topology generator function is idempotent. (Contributed by NM, 18-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (topGen‘(topGen‘𝐵)) = (topGen‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | bastop 20596 | Two ways to express that a basis is a topology. (Contributed by NM, 18-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ TopBases → (𝐵 ∈ Top ↔ (topGen‘𝐵) = 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | tgtop11 20597 | The topology generation function is one-to-one when applied to completed topologies. (Contributed by NM, 18-Jul-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐾 ∈ Top ∧ (topGen‘𝐽) = (topGen‘𝐾)) → 𝐽 = 𝐾) | ||
Theorem | 0top 20598 | The singleton of the empty set is the only topology possible for an empty underlying set. (Contributed by NM, 9-Sep-2006.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (∪ 𝐽 = ∅ ↔ 𝐽 = {∅})) | ||
Theorem | en1top 20599 | {∅} is the only topology with one element. (Contributed by FL, 18-Aug-2008.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (𝐽 ≈ 1𝑜 ↔ 𝐽 = {∅})) | ||
Theorem | en2top 20600 | If a topology has two elements, it is the indiscrete topology. (Contributed by FL, 11-Aug-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝑋) → (𝐽 ≈ 2𝑜 ↔ (𝐽 = {∅, 𝑋} ∧ 𝑋 ≠ ∅))) |
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