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Type | Label | Description |
---|---|---|
Statement | ||
Theorem | addcom 10101 | Addition commutes. This used to be one of our complex number axioms, until it was found to be dependent on the others. Based on ideas by Eric Schmidt. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐵 + 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | addid1i 10102 | 0 is an additive identity. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) (Revised by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 + 0) = 𝐴 | ||
Theorem | addid2i 10103 | 0 is a left identity for addition. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (0 + 𝐴) = 𝐴 | ||
Theorem | mul02i 10104 | Multiplication by 0. Theorem I.6 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (0 · 𝐴) = 0 | ||
Theorem | mul01i 10105 | Multiplication by 0. Theorem I.6 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) (Revised by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 · 0) = 0 | ||
Theorem | addcomi 10106 | Addition commutes. Based on ideas by Eric Schmidt. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐵 + 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | addcomli 10107 | Addition commutes. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2015.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ (𝐴 + 𝐵) = 𝐶 ⇒ ⊢ (𝐵 + 𝐴) = 𝐶 | ||
Theorem | addcani 10108 | Cancellation law for addition. Theorem I.1 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by NM, 27-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐴 + 𝐶) ↔ 𝐵 = 𝐶) | ||
Theorem | addcan2i 10109 | Cancellation law for addition. Theorem I.1 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by NM, 14-May-2003.) (Revised by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐶) = (𝐵 + 𝐶) ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | mul12i 10110 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the first two factors in a triple product. (Contributed by NM, 11-May-1999.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 · (𝐵 · 𝐶)) = (𝐵 · (𝐴 · 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | mul32i 10111 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two factors in a triple product. (Contributed by NM, 11-May-1999.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 · 𝐵) · 𝐶) = ((𝐴 · 𝐶) · 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | mul4i 10112 | Rearrangement of 4 factors. (Contributed by NM, 16-Feb-1995.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 · 𝐵) · (𝐶 · 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 · 𝐶) · (𝐵 · 𝐷)) | ||
Theorem | mul02d 10113 | Multiplication by 0. Theorem I.6 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (0 · 𝐴) = 0) | ||
Theorem | mul01d 10114 | Multiplication by 0. Theorem I.6 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 · 0) = 0) | ||
Theorem | addid1d 10115 | 0 is an additive identity. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 0) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | addid2d 10116 | 0 is a left identity for addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (0 + 𝐴) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | addcomd 10117 | Addition commutes. Based on ideas by Eric Schmidt. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 3-Jan-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐵 + 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | addcand 10118 | Cancellation law for addition. Theorem I.1 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐴 + 𝐶) ↔ 𝐵 = 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | addcan2d 10119 | Cancellation law for addition. Theorem I.1 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 + 𝐶) = (𝐵 + 𝐶) ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | addcanad 10120 | Cancelling a term on the left-hand side of a sum in an equality. Consequence of addcand 10118. (Contributed by David Moews, 28-Feb-2017.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐴 + 𝐶)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝐶) | ||
Theorem | addcan2ad 10121 | Cancelling a term on the right-hand side of a sum in an equality. Consequence of addcan2d 10119. (Contributed by David Moews, 28-Feb-2017.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 𝐶) = (𝐵 + 𝐶)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | addneintrd 10122 | Introducing a term on the left-hand side of a sum in a negated equality. Contrapositive of addcanad 10120. Consequence of addcand 10118. (Contributed by David Moews, 28-Feb-2017.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 𝐵) ≠ (𝐴 + 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | addneintr2d 10123 | Introducing a term on the right-hand side of a sum in a negated equality. Contrapositive of addcan2ad 10121. Consequence of addcan2d 10119. (Contributed by David Moews, 28-Feb-2017.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 𝐶) ≠ (𝐵 + 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | mul12d 10124 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the first two factors in a triple product. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 · (𝐵 · 𝐶)) = (𝐵 · (𝐴 · 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | mul32d 10125 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two factors in a triple product. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 · 𝐵) · 𝐶) = ((𝐴 · 𝐶) · 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | mul31d 10126 | Commutative/associative law. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 · 𝐵) · 𝐶) = ((𝐶 · 𝐵) · 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | mul4d 10127 | Rearrangement of 4 factors. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 · 𝐵) · (𝐶 · 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 · 𝐶) · (𝐵 · 𝐷))) | ||
Theorem | muladd11r 10128 | A simple product of sums expansion. (Contributed by AV, 30-Jul-2021.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 1) · (𝐵 + 1)) = (((𝐴 · 𝐵) + (𝐴 + 𝐵)) + 1)) | ||
Theorem | comraddd 10129 | Commute RHS addition, in deduction form. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 11-Oct-2018.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = (𝐵 + 𝐶)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = (𝐶 + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | ltaddneg 10130 | Adding a negative number to another number decreases it. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 11-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐴 < 0 ↔ (𝐵 + 𝐴) < 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | ltaddnegr 10131 | Adding a negative number to another number decreases it. (Contributed by AV, 19-Mar-2021.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐴 < 0 ↔ (𝐴 + 𝐵) < 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | add12 10132 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the first two terms in a triple sum. (Contributed by NM, 11-May-2004.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 + (𝐵 + 𝐶)) = (𝐵 + (𝐴 + 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | add32 10133 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two terms in a triple sum. (Contributed by NM, 13-Nov-1999.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐶) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | add32r 10134 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two terms in a triple sum, rearranging the parentheses. (Contributed by Paul Chapman, 18-May-2007.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 + (𝐵 + 𝐶)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | add4 10135 | Rearrangement of 4 terms in a sum. (Contributed by NM, 13-Nov-1999.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.) |
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ)) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + (𝐵 + 𝐷))) | ||
Theorem | add42 10136 | Rearrangement of 4 terms in a sum. (Contributed by NM, 12-May-2005.) |
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ)) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + (𝐷 + 𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | add12i 10137 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the first two terms in a triple sum. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jan-1997.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 + (𝐵 + 𝐶)) = (𝐵 + (𝐴 + 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | add32i 10138 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two terms in a triple sum. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jan-1997.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐶) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | add4i 10139 | Rearrangement of 4 terms in a sum. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + (𝐵 + 𝐷)) | ||
Theorem | add42i 10140 | Rearrangement of 4 terms in a sum. (Contributed by NM, 22-Aug-1999.) (Proof shortened by OpenAI, 25-Mar-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + (𝐷 + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | add12d 10141 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the first two terms in a triple sum. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + (𝐵 + 𝐶)) = (𝐵 + (𝐴 + 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | add32d 10142 | Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two terms in a triple sum. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐶) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | add4d 10143 | Rearrangement of 4 terms in a sum. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + (𝐵 + 𝐷))) | ||
Theorem | add42d 10144 | Rearrangement of 4 terms in a sum. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐷)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) + (𝐷 + 𝐵))) | ||
Syntax | cmin 10145 | Extend class notation to include subtraction. |
class − | ||
Syntax | cneg 10146 | Extend class notation to include unary minus. The symbol - is not a class by itself but part of a compound class definition. We do this rather than making it a formal function since it is so commonly used. Note: We use different symbols for unary minus (-) and subtraction cmin 10145 (−) to prevent syntax ambiguity. For example, looking at the syntax definition co 6549, if we used the same symbol then "( − 𝐴 − 𝐵) " could mean either "− 𝐴 " minus "𝐵", or it could represent the (meaningless) operation of classes "− " and "− 𝐵 " connected with "operation" "𝐴". On the other hand, "(-𝐴 − 𝐵) " is unambiguous. |
class -𝐴 | ||
Definition | df-sub 10147* | Define subtraction. Theorem subval 10151 shows its value (and describes how this definition works), theorem subaddi 10247 relates it to addition, and theorems subcli 10236 and resubcli 10222 prove its closure laws. (Contributed by NM, 26-Nov-1994.) |
⊢ − = (𝑥 ∈ ℂ, 𝑦 ∈ ℂ ↦ (℩𝑧 ∈ ℂ (𝑦 + 𝑧) = 𝑥)) | ||
Definition | df-neg 10148 | Define the negative of a number (unary minus). We use different symbols for unary minus (-) and subtraction (−) to prevent syntax ambiguity. See cneg 10146 for a discussion of this. (Contributed by NM, 10-Feb-1995.) |
⊢ -𝐴 = (0 − 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | 0cnALT 10149 | Alternate proof of 0cn 9911 which does not reference ax-1cn 9873. (Contributed by NM, 19-Feb-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ 0 ∈ ℂ | ||
Theorem | negeu 10150* | Existential uniqueness of negatives. Theorem I.2 of [Apostol] p. 18. (Contributed by NM, 22-Nov-1994.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ∃!𝑥 ∈ ℂ (𝐴 + 𝑥) = 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | subval 10151* | Value of subtraction, which is the (unique) element 𝑥 such that 𝐵 + 𝑥 = 𝐴. (Contributed by NM, 4-Aug-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Nov-2013.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 − 𝐵) = (℩𝑥 ∈ ℂ (𝐵 + 𝑥) = 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | negeq 10152 | Equality theorem for negatives. (Contributed by NM, 10-Feb-1995.) |
⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → -𝐴 = -𝐵) | ||
Theorem | negeqi 10153 | Equality inference for negatives. (Contributed by NM, 14-Feb-1995.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = 𝐵 ⇒ ⊢ -𝐴 = -𝐵 | ||
Theorem | negeqd 10154 | Equality deduction for negatives. (Contributed by NM, 14-May-1999.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝐵) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → -𝐴 = -𝐵) | ||
Theorem | nfnegd 10155 | Deduction version of nfneg 10156. (Contributed by NM, 29-Feb-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Oct-2016.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥𝐴) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Ⅎ𝑥-𝐴) | ||
Theorem | nfneg 10156 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the negative of a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Oct-2016.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐴 ⇒ ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥-𝐴 | ||
Theorem | csbnegg 10157 | Move class substitution in and out of the negative of a number. (Contributed by NM, 1-Mar-2008.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → ⦋𝐴 / 𝑥⦌-𝐵 = -⦋𝐴 / 𝑥⦌𝐵) | ||
Theorem | negex 10158 | A negative is a set. (Contributed by NM, 4-Apr-2005.) |
⊢ -𝐴 ∈ V | ||
Theorem | subcl 10159 | Closure law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 10-May-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 21-Dec-2013.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 − 𝐵) ∈ ℂ) | ||
Theorem | negcl 10160 | Closure law for negative. (Contributed by NM, 6-Aug-2003.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → -𝐴 ∈ ℂ) | ||
Theorem | negicn 10161 | -i is a complex number (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 7-Dec-2018.) |
⊢ -i ∈ ℂ | ||
Theorem | subf 10162 | Subtraction is an operation on the complex numbers. (Contributed by NM, 4-Aug-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2013.) |
⊢ − :(ℂ × ℂ)⟶ℂ | ||
Theorem | subadd 10163 | Relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 21-Dec-2013.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) = 𝐶 ↔ (𝐵 + 𝐶) = 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | subadd2 10164 | Relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 5-Jul-2013.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) = 𝐶 ↔ (𝐶 + 𝐵) = 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | subsub23 10165 | Swap subtrahend and result of subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 14-Dec-2007.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) = 𝐶 ↔ (𝐴 − 𝐶) = 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | pncan 10166 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 10-May-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) − 𝐵) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | pncan2 10167 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 17-Apr-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) − 𝐴) = 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | pncan3 10168 | Subtraction and addition of equals. (Contributed by NM, 14-Mar-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 + (𝐵 − 𝐴)) = 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | npcan 10169 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 10-May-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + 𝐵) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | addsubass 10170 | Associative-type law for addition and subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 6-Aug-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) − 𝐶) = (𝐴 + (𝐵 − 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | addsub 10171 | Law for addition and subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2001.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) − 𝐶) = ((𝐴 − 𝐶) + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | subadd23 10172 | Commutative/associative law for addition and subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 1-Feb-2007.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + 𝐶) = (𝐴 + (𝐶 − 𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | addsub12 10173 | Commutative/associative law for addition and subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 8-Feb-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 + (𝐵 − 𝐶)) = (𝐵 + (𝐴 − 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | 2addsub 10174 | Law for subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 20-Nov-2005.) |
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ)) → (((𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐶) − 𝐷) = (((𝐴 + 𝐶) − 𝐷) + 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | addsubeq4 10175 | Relation between sums and differences. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 17-Jun-2010.) |
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐷 ∈ ℂ)) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐶 + 𝐷) ↔ (𝐶 − 𝐴) = (𝐵 − 𝐷))) | ||
Theorem | pncan3oi 10176 | Subtraction and addition of equals. Almost but not exactly the same as pncan3i 10237 and pncan 10166, this order happens often when applying "operations to both sides" so create a theorem specifically for it. A deduction version of this is available as pncand 10272. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 11-Oct-2018.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) − 𝐵) = 𝐴 | ||
Theorem | mvrraddi 10177 | Move RHS right addition to LHS. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 11-Oct-2018.) |
⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝐵 + 𝐶) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 − 𝐶) = 𝐵 | ||
Theorem | mvlladdi 10178 | Move LHS left addition to RHS. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 11-Oct-2018.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ (𝐴 + 𝐵) = 𝐶 ⇒ ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝐶 − 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | subid 10179 | Subtraction of a number from itself. (Contributed by NM, 8-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (𝐴 − 𝐴) = 0) | ||
Theorem | subid1 10180 | Identity law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (𝐴 − 0) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | npncan 10181 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 8-Feb-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + (𝐵 − 𝐶)) = (𝐴 − 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | nppcan 10182 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 1-Sep-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (((𝐴 − 𝐵) + 𝐶) + 𝐵) = (𝐴 + 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | nnpcan 10183 | Cancellation law for subtraction: ((a-b)-c)+b = a-c holds for complex numbers a,b,c. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 24-Mar-2018.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (((𝐴 − 𝐵) − 𝐶) + 𝐵) = (𝐴 − 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | nppcan3 10184 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + (𝐶 + 𝐵)) = (𝐴 + 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | subcan2 10185 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 8-Feb-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐶) = (𝐵 − 𝐶) ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | subeq0 10186 | If the difference between two numbers is zero, they are equal. (Contributed by NM, 16-Nov-1999.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) = 0 ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | npncan2 10187 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 21-Jun-2013.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + (𝐵 − 𝐴)) = 0) | ||
Theorem | subsub2 10188 | Law for double subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jun-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 − (𝐵 − 𝐶)) = (𝐴 + (𝐶 − 𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | nncan 10189 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 − (𝐴 − 𝐵)) = 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | subsub 10190 | Law for double subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 13-May-2004.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 − (𝐵 − 𝐶)) = ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | nppcan2 10191 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 29-Sep-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − (𝐵 + 𝐶)) + 𝐶) = (𝐴 − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | subsub3 10192 | Law for double subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 27-Jul-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐴 − (𝐵 − 𝐶)) = ((𝐴 + 𝐶) − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | subsub4 10193 | Law for double subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) − 𝐶) = (𝐴 − (𝐵 + 𝐶))) | ||
Theorem | sub32 10194 | Swap the second and third terms in a double subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) − 𝐶) = ((𝐴 − 𝐶) − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | nnncan 10195 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 4-Sep-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − (𝐵 − 𝐶)) − 𝐶) = (𝐴 − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | nnncan1 10196 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 8-Feb-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) − (𝐴 − 𝐶)) = (𝐶 − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | nnncan2 10197 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 1-Oct-2005.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐶) − (𝐵 − 𝐶)) = (𝐴 − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | npncan3 10198 | Cancellation law for subtraction. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 23-Jun-2013.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 − 𝐵) + (𝐶 − 𝐴)) = (𝐶 − 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | pnpcan 10199 | Cancellation law for mixed addition and subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 4-Mar-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐵) − (𝐴 + 𝐶)) = (𝐵 − 𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | pnpcan2 10200 | Cancellation law for mixed addition and subtraction. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 9-Jun-2006.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐴 + 𝐶) − (𝐵 + 𝐶)) = (𝐴 − 𝐵)) |
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