MPE Home Metamath Proof Explorer < Previous   Next >
Nearby theorems
Mirrors  >  Home  >  MPE Home  >  Th. List  >  clim Structured version   Visualization version   GIF version

Theorem clim 14073
Description: Express the predicate: The limit of complex number sequence 𝐹 is 𝐴, or 𝐹 converges to 𝐴. This means that for any real 𝑥, no matter how small, there always exists an integer 𝑗 such that the absolute difference of any later complex number in the sequence and the limit is less than 𝑥. (Contributed by NM, 28-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Apr-2015.)
Hypotheses
Ref Expression
clim.1 (𝜑𝐹𝑉)
clim.3 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → (𝐹𝑘) = 𝐵)
Assertion
Ref Expression
clim (𝜑 → (𝐹𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)(𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥))))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑗,𝑘,𝑥,𝐴   𝑗,𝐹,𝑘,𝑥   𝜑,𝑗,𝑘,𝑥
Allowed substitution hints:   𝐵(𝑥,𝑗,𝑘)   𝑉(𝑥,𝑗,𝑘)

Proof of Theorem clim
Dummy variables 𝑓 𝑦 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 climrel 14071 . . . . 5 Rel ⇝
21brrelex2i 5083 . . . 4 (𝐹𝐴𝐴 ∈ V)
32a1i 11 . . 3 (𝜑 → (𝐹𝐴𝐴 ∈ V))
4 elex 3185 . . . . 5 (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → 𝐴 ∈ V)
54adantr 480 . . . 4 ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)) → 𝐴 ∈ V)
65a1i 11 . . 3 (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)) → 𝐴 ∈ V))
7 clim.1 . . . 4 (𝜑𝐹𝑉)
8 simpr 476 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → 𝑦 = 𝐴)
98eleq1d 2672 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (𝑦 ∈ ℂ ↔ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ))
10 fveq1 6102 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (𝑓 = 𝐹 → (𝑓𝑘) = (𝐹𝑘))
1110adantr 480 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (𝑓𝑘) = (𝐹𝑘))
1211eleq1d 2672 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → ((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ↔ (𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ))
13 oveq12 6558 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 (((𝑓𝑘) = (𝐹𝑘) ∧ 𝑦 = 𝐴) → ((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦) = ((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴))
1410, 13sylan 487 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → ((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦) = ((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴))
1514fveq2d 6107 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) = (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)))
1615breq1d 4593 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → ((abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥 ↔ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥))
1712, 16anbi12d 743 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥) ↔ ((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
1817ralbidv 2969 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
1918rexbidv 3034 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (∃𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∃𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
2019ralbidv 2969 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → (∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
219, 20anbi12d 743 . . . . . 6 ((𝑓 = 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴) → ((𝑦 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥)) ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥))))
22 df-clim 14067 . . . . . 6 ⇝ = {⟨𝑓, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑦 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝑓𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝑓𝑘) − 𝑦)) < 𝑥))}
2321, 22brabga 4914 . . . . 5 ((𝐹𝑉𝐴 ∈ V) → (𝐹𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥))))
2423ex 449 . . . 4 (𝐹𝑉 → (𝐴 ∈ V → (𝐹𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)))))
257, 24syl 17 . . 3 (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ V → (𝐹𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)))))
263, 6, 25pm5.21ndd 368 . 2 (𝜑 → (𝐹𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥))))
27 eluzelz 11573 . . . . . . 7 (𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗) → 𝑘 ∈ ℤ)
28 clim.3 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → (𝐹𝑘) = 𝐵)
2928eleq1d 2672 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ↔ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ))
3028oveq1d 6564 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴) = (𝐵𝐴))
3130fveq2d 6107 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) = (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)))
3231breq1d 4593 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → ((abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥 ↔ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥))
3329, 32anbi12d 743 . . . . . . 7 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ ℤ) → (((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥) ↔ (𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
3427, 33sylan2 490 . . . . . 6 ((𝜑𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)) → (((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥) ↔ (𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
3534ralbidva 2968 . . . . 5 (𝜑 → (∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)(𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
3635rexbidv 3034 . . . 4 (𝜑 → (∃𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∃𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)(𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
3736ralbidv 2969 . . 3 (𝜑 → (∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)(𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥)))
3837anbi2d 736 . 2 (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)((𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘((𝐹𝑘) − 𝐴)) < 𝑥)) ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)(𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥))))
3926, 38bitrd 267 1 (𝜑 → (𝐹𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+𝑗 ∈ ℤ ∀𝑘 ∈ (ℤ𝑗)(𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(𝐵𝐴)) < 𝑥))))
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  wi 4  wb 195  wa 383   = wceq 1475  wcel 1977  wral 2896  wrex 2897  Vcvv 3173   class class class wbr 4583  cfv 5804  (class class class)co 6549  cc 9813   < clt 9953  cmin 10145  cz 11254  cuz 11563  +crp 11708  abscabs 13822  cli 14063
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1713  ax-4 1728  ax-5 1827  ax-6 1875  ax-7 1922  ax-8 1979  ax-9 1986  ax-10 2006  ax-11 2021  ax-12 2034  ax-13 2234  ax-ext 2590  ax-sep 4709  ax-nul 4717  ax-pow 4769  ax-pr 4833  ax-cnex 9871  ax-resscn 9872
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 196  df-or 384  df-an 385  df-3or 1032  df-3an 1033  df-tru 1478  df-ex 1696  df-nf 1701  df-sb 1868  df-eu 2462  df-mo 2463  df-clab 2597  df-cleq 2603  df-clel 2606  df-nfc 2740  df-ne 2782  df-ral 2901  df-rex 2902  df-rab 2905  df-v 3175  df-sbc 3403  df-dif 3543  df-un 3545  df-in 3547  df-ss 3554  df-nul 3875  df-if 4037  df-pw 4110  df-sn 4126  df-pr 4128  df-op 4132  df-uni 4373  df-br 4584  df-opab 4644  df-mpt 4645  df-id 4953  df-xp 5044  df-rel 5045  df-cnv 5046  df-co 5047  df-dm 5048  df-rn 5049  df-res 5050  df-ima 5051  df-iota 5768  df-fun 5806  df-fn 5807  df-f 5808  df-fv 5812  df-ov 6552  df-neg 10148  df-z 11255  df-uz 11564  df-clim 14067
This theorem is referenced by:  climcl  14078  clim2  14083  climshftlem  14153  climsuse  38675  ioodvbdlimc1lem2  38822  ioodvbdlimc2lem  38824
  Copyright terms: Public domain W3C validator