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Axiom ax-c5 33186
Description: Axiom of Specialization. A quantified wff implies the wff without a quantifier (i.e. an instance, or special case, of the generalized wff). In other words if something is true for all 𝑥, it is true for any specific 𝑥 (that would typically occur as a free variable in the wff substituted for 𝜑). (A free variable is one that does not occur in the scope of a quantifier: 𝑥 and 𝑦 are both free in 𝑥 = 𝑦, but only 𝑥 is free in 𝑦𝑥 = 𝑦.) Axiom scheme C5' in [Megill] p. 448 (p. 16 of the preprint). Also appears as Axiom B5 of [Tarski] p. 67 (under his system S2, defined in the last paragraph on p. 77).

Note that the converse of this axiom does not hold in general, but a weaker inference form of the converse holds and is expressed as rule ax-gen 1713. Conditional forms of the converse are given by ax-13 2234, ax-c14 33194, ax-c16 33195, and ax-5 1827.

Unlike the more general textbook Axiom of Specialization, we cannot choose a variable different from 𝑥 for the special case. For use, that requires the assistance of equality axioms, and we deal with it later after we introduce the definition of proper substitution - see stdpc4 2341.

An interesting alternate axiomatization uses axc5c711 33221 and ax-c4 33187 in place of ax-c5 33186, ax-4 1728, ax-10 2006, and ax-11 2021.

This axiom is obsolete and should no longer be used. It is proved above as theorem sp 2041. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jan-1993.) (New usage is discouraged.)

Assertion
Ref Expression
ax-c5 (∀𝑥𝜑𝜑)

Detailed syntax breakdown of Axiom ax-c5
StepHypRef Expression
1 wph . . 3 wff 𝜑
2 vx . . 3 setvar 𝑥
31, 2wal 1473 . 2 wff 𝑥𝜑
43, 1wi 4 1 wff (∀𝑥𝜑𝜑)
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
This axiom is referenced by:  ax4fromc4  33197  ax10fromc7  33198  hba1-o  33200  equid1  33202  hbae-o  33206  ax12fromc15  33208  ax13fromc9  33209  sps-o  33211  axc5c7  33214  axc711toc7  33219  axc5c711  33221  ax12indalem  33248  ax12inda2ALT  33249
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