Theorem fin23 8819

Description: Every II-finite set (every chain of subsets has a maximal element) is III-finite (has no denumerable collection of subsets). The proof here is the only one I could find, from http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm6/fm619.pdf p.94 (writeup by Tarski, credited to Kuratowski). Translated into English and modern notation, the proof proceeds as follows (variables renamed for uniqueness):

Suppose for a contradiction that A is a set which is II-finite but not III-finite.

For any countable sequence of distinct subsets T of A, we can form a decreasing sequence of nonempty subsets ( U ` T ) by taking finite intersections of initial segments of T while skipping over any element of T which would cause the intersection to be empty.

By II-finiteness (as fin2i2 8748) this sequence contains its intersection, call it Y; since by induction every subset in the sequence U is nonempty, the intersection must be nonempty.

Suppose that an element X of T has nonempty intersection with Y. Thus, said element has a nonempty intersection with the corresponding element of U, therefore it was used in the construction of U and all further elements of U are subsets of X, thus X contains the Y. That is, all elements of X either contain Y or are disjoint from it.

Since there are only two cases, there must exist an infinite subset of T which uniformly either contain Y or are disjoint from it. In the former case we can create an infinite set by subtracting Y from each element. In either case, call the result Z; this is an infinite set of subsets of A, each of which is disjoint from Y and contained in the union of T; the union of Z is strictly contained in the union of T, because only the latter is a superset of the nonempty set Y.

The preceding four steps may be iterated a countable number of times starting from the assumed denumerable set of subsets to produce a denumerable sequence B of the T sets from each stage. Great caution is required to avoid ax-dc 8876 here; in particular an effective version of the pigeonhole principle (for aleph-null pigeons and 2 holes) is required. Since a denumerable set of subsets is assumed to exist, we can conclude om e. _V without the axiom.

This B sequence is strictly decreasing, thus it has no minimum, contradicting the first assumption. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 2-Nov-2014.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 17-May-2015.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
fin23	|- ( A e. FinII -> A e. FinIII )

Proof of Theorem fin23

Dummy variables a g x are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		isf33lem 8796	. 2 |- FinIII = { g | A. a e. ( ~P g ^m om ) ( A. x e. om ( a ` suc x ) C_ ( a ` x ) -> |^| ran a e. ran a ) }
2	1	fin23lem40 8781	1 |- ( A e. FinII -> A e. FinIII )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   e. wcel 1868  Fin^IIcfin2 8709  Fin^IIIcfin3 8711

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1665  ax-4 1678  ax-5 1748  ax-6 1794  ax-7 1839  ax-8 1870  ax-9 1872  ax-10 1887  ax-11 1892  ax-12 1905  ax-13 2053  ax-ext 2400  ax-rep 4533  ax-sep 4543  ax-nul 4551  ax-pow 4598  ax-pr 4656  ax-un 6593

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 188  df-or 371  df-an 372  df-3or 983  df-3an 984  df-tru 1440  df-ex 1660  df-nf 1664  df-sb 1787  df-eu 2269  df-mo 2270  df-clab 2408  df-cleq 2414  df-clel 2417  df-nfc 2572  df-ne 2620  df-ral 2780  df-rex 2781  df-reu 2782  df-rmo 2783  df-rab 2784  df-v 3083  df-sbc 3300  df-csb 3396  df-dif 3439  df-un 3441  df-in 3443  df-ss 3450  df-pss 3452  df-nul 3762  df-if 3910  df-pw 3981  df-sn 3997  df-pr 3999  df-tp 4001  df-op 4003  df-uni 4217  df-int 4253  df-iun 4298  df-br 4421  df-opab 4480  df-mpt 4481  df-tr 4516  df-eprel 4760  df-id 4764  df-po 4770  df-so 4771  df-fr 4808  df-se 4809  df-we 4810  df-xp 4855  df-rel 4856  df-cnv 4857  df-co 4858  df-dm 4859  df-rn 4860  df-res 4861  df-ima 4862  df-pred 5395  df-ord 5441  df-on 5442  df-lim 5443  df-suc 5444  df-iota 5561  df-fun 5599  df-fn 5600  df-f 5601  df-f1 5602  df-fo 5603  df-f1o 5604  df-fv 5605  df-isom 5606  df-riota 6263  df-ov 6304  df-oprab 6305  df-mpt2 6306  df-rpss 6581  df-om 6703  df-1st 6803  df-2nd 6804  df-wrecs 7032  df-recs 7094  df-rdg 7132  df-seqom 7169  df-1o 7186  df-oadd 7190  df-er 7367  df-map 7478  df-en 7574  df-dom 7575  df-sdom 7576  df-fin 7577  df-wdom 8076  df-card 8374  df-fin2 8716  df-fin4 8717  df-fin3 8718

This theorem is referenced by:  fin1a2s  8844  finngch  9080  fin2so  31843