Theorem fin23 8760

Description: Every II-finite set (every chain of subsets has a maximal element) is III-finite (has no denumerable collection of subsets). The proof here is the only one I could find, from http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm6/fm619.pdf p.94 (writeup by Tarski, credited to Kuratowski). Translated into English and modern notation, the proof proceeds as follows (variables renamed for uniqueness):

Suppose for a contradiction that A is a set which is II-finite but not III-finite.

For any countable sequence of distinct subsets T of A, we can form a decreasing sequence of nonempty subsets ( U ` T ) by taking finite intersections of initial segments of T while skipping over any element of T which would cause the intersection to be empty.

By II-finiteness (as fin2i2 8689) this sequence contains its intersection, call it Y; since by induction every subset in the sequence U is nonempty, the intersection must be nonempty.

Suppose that an element X of T has nonempty intersection with Y. Thus, said element has a nonempty intersection with the corresponding element of U, therefore it was used in the construction of U and all further elements of U are subsets of X, thus X contains the Y. That is, all elements of X either contain Y or are disjoint from it.

Since there are only two cases, there must exist an infinite subset of T which uniformly either contain Y or are disjoint from it. In the former case we can create an infinite set by subtracting Y from each element. In either case, call the result Z; this is an infinite set of subsets of A, each of which is disjoint from Y and contained in the union of T; the union of Z is strictly contained in the union of T, because only the latter is a superset of the nonempty set Y.

The preceding four steps may be iterated a countable number of times starting from the assumed denumerable set of subsets to produce a denumerable sequence B of the T sets from each stage. Great caution is required to avoid ax-dc 8817 here; in particular an effective version of the pigeonhole principle (for aleph-null pigeons and 2 holes) is required. Since a denumerable set of subsets is assumed to exist, we can conclude om e. _V without the axiom.

This B sequence is strictly decreasing, thus it has no minimum, contradicting the first assumption. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 2-Nov-2014.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 17-May-2015.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
fin23	|- ( A e. FinII -> A e. FinIII )

Proof of Theorem fin23

Dummy variables a g x are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		isf33lem 8737	. 2 |- FinIII = { g | A. a e. ( ~P g ^m om ) ( A. x e. om ( a ` suc x ) C_ ( a ` x ) -> |^| ran a e. ran a ) }
2	1	fin23lem40 8722	1 |- ( A e. FinII -> A e. FinIII )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   e. wcel 1823  Fin^IIcfin2 8650  Fin^IIIcfin3 8652

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1623  ax-4 1636  ax-5 1709  ax-6 1752  ax-7 1795  ax-8 1825  ax-9 1827  ax-10 1842  ax-11 1847  ax-12 1859  ax-13 2004  ax-ext 2432  ax-rep 4550  ax-sep 4560  ax-nul 4568  ax-pow 4615  ax-pr 4676  ax-un 6565

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 185  df-or 368  df-an 369  df-3or 972  df-3an 973  df-tru 1401  df-ex 1618  df-nf 1622  df-sb 1745  df-eu 2288  df-mo 2289  df-clab 2440  df-cleq 2446  df-clel 2449  df-nfc 2604  df-ne 2651  df-ral 2809  df-rex 2810  df-reu 2811  df-rmo 2812  df-rab 2813  df-v 3108  df-sbc 3325  df-csb 3421  df-dif 3464  df-un 3466  df-in 3468  df-ss 3475  df-pss 3477  df-nul 3784  df-if 3930  df-pw 4001  df-sn 4017  df-pr 4019  df-tp 4021  df-op 4023  df-uni 4236  df-int 4272  df-iun 4317  df-br 4440  df-opab 4498  df-mpt 4499  df-tr 4533  df-eprel 4780  df-id 4784  df-po 4789  df-so 4790  df-fr 4827  df-se 4828  df-we 4829  df-ord 4870  df-on 4871  df-lim 4872  df-suc 4873  df-xp 4994  df-rel 4995  df-cnv 4996  df-co 4997  df-dm 4998  df-rn 4999  df-res 5000  df-ima 5001  df-iota 5534  df-fun 5572  df-fn 5573  df-f 5574  df-f1 5575  df-fo 5576  df-f1o 5577  df-fv 5578  df-isom 5579  df-riota 6232  df-ov 6273  df-oprab 6274  df-mpt2 6275  df-rpss 6553  df-om 6674  df-1st 6773  df-2nd 6774  df-recs 7034  df-rdg 7068  df-seqom 7105  df-1o 7122  df-oadd 7126  df-er 7303  df-map 7414  df-en 7510  df-dom 7511  df-sdom 7512  df-fin 7513  df-wdom 7977  df-card 8311  df-fin2 8657  df-fin4 8658  df-fin3 8659

This theorem is referenced by:  fin1a2s  8785  finngch  9022  fin2so  30280