Theorem efival 13547

Description: The exponential function in terms of sine and cosine. (Contributed by NM, 30-Apr-2005.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
efival	|- ( A e. CC -> ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) = ( ( cos ` A ) + ( _i x. ( sin ` A ) ) ) )

Proof of Theorem efival

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		ax-icn 9445	. . . . . 6 |- _i e. CC
2		mulcl 9470	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( _i e. CC /\ A e. CC ) -> ( _i x. A ) e. CC )
3	1, 2	mpan 670	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( _i x. A ) e. CC )
4		efcl 13479	. . . . 5 |- ( ( _i x. A ) e. CC -> ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) e. CC )
5	3, 4	syl 16	. . . 4 |- ( A e. CC -> ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) e. CC )
6		negicn 9715	. . . . . 6 |- -u _i e. CC
7		mulcl 9470	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( -u _i e. CC /\ A e. CC ) -> ( -u _i x. A ) e. CC )
8	6, 7	mpan 670	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( -u _i x. A ) e. CC )
9		efcl 13479	. . . . 5 |- ( ( -u _i x. A ) e. CC -> ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) e. CC )
10	8, 9	syl 16	. . . 4 |- ( A e. CC -> ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) e. CC )
11	5, 10	addcld 9509	. . 3 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC )
12	5, 10	subcld 9823	. . 3 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC )
13		2cn 10496	. . . . 5 |- 2 e. CC
14		2ne0 10518	. . . . 5 |- 2 =/= 0
15	13, 14	pm3.2i 455	. . . 4 |- ( 2 e. CC /\ 2 =/= 0 )
16		divdir 10121	. . . 4 |- ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC /\ ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC /\ ( 2 e. CC /\ 2 =/= 0 ) ) -> ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) + ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) ) )
17	15, 16	mp3an3 1304	. . 3 |- ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC /\ ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC ) -> ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) + ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) ) )
18	11, 12, 17	syl2anc 661	. 2 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) + ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) ) )
19	10, 5	pncan3d 9826	. . . . . 6 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) = ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) )
20	19	oveq2d 6209	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) ) = ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) )
21	5, 10, 12	addassd 9512	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) = ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) ) )
22	5	2timesd 10671	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( 2 x. ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) = ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) )
23	20, 21, 22	3eqtr4d 2502	. . . 4 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) = ( 2 x. ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) )
24	23	oveq1d 6208	. . 3 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( 2 x. ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) )
25		divcan3 10122	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) e. CC /\ 2 e. CC /\ 2 =/= 0 ) -> ( ( 2 x. ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) )
26	13, 14, 25	mp3an23 1307	. . . 4 |- ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) e. CC -> ( ( 2 x. ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) )
27	5, 26	syl 16	. . 3 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( 2 x. ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) )
28	24, 27	eqtr2d 2493	. 2 |- ( A e. CC -> ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) = ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) + ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) ) / 2 ) )
29		cosval 13518	. . 3 |- ( A e. CC -> ( cos ` A ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) )
30		2mulicn 10652	. . . . . . 7 |- ( 2 x. _i ) e. CC
31		2muline0 10653	. . . . . . 7 |- ( 2 x. _i ) =/= 0
32	30, 31	pm3.2i 455	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( 2 x. _i ) e. CC /\ ( 2 x. _i ) =/= 0 )
33		div12 10120	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( _i e. CC /\ ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC /\ ( ( 2 x. _i ) e. CC /\ ( 2 x. _i ) =/= 0 ) ) -> ( _i x. ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) )
34	1, 32, 33	mp3an13 1306	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC -> ( _i x. ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) )
35	12, 34	syl 16	. . . 4 |- ( A e. CC -> ( _i x. ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) )
36		sinval 13517	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( sin ` A ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) )
37	36	oveq2d 6209	. . . 4 |- ( A e. CC -> ( _i x. ( sin ` A ) ) = ( _i x. ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) )
38		divrec 10114	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC /\ 2 e. CC /\ 2 =/= 0 ) -> ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( 1 / 2 ) ) )
39	13, 14, 38	mp3an23 1307	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) e. CC -> ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( 1 / 2 ) ) )
40	12, 39	syl 16	. . . . 5 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( 1 / 2 ) ) )
41	1	mulid2i 9493	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( 1 x. _i ) = _i
42	41	oveq1i 6203	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( 1 x. _i ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) = ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) )
43		ine0 9884	. . . . . . . . . . 11 |- _i =/= 0
44	1, 43	dividi 10168	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( _i / _i ) = 1
45	44	oveq2i 6204	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( 1 / 2 ) x. ( _i / _i ) ) = ( ( 1 / 2 ) x. 1 )
46		ax-1cn 9444	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- 1 e. CC
47	46, 13, 1, 1, 14, 43	divmuldivi 10195	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( 1 / 2 ) x. ( _i / _i ) ) = ( ( 1 x. _i ) / ( 2 x. _i ) )
48	45, 47	eqtr3i 2482	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( 1 / 2 ) x. 1 ) = ( ( 1 x. _i ) / ( 2 x. _i ) )
49		halfcn 10645	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( 1 / 2 ) e. CC
50	49	mulid1i 9492	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( 1 / 2 ) x. 1 ) = ( 1 / 2 )
51	48, 50	eqtr3i 2482	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( 1 x. _i ) / ( 2 x. _i ) ) = ( 1 / 2 )
52	42, 51	eqtr3i 2482	. . . . . 6 |- ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) ) = ( 1 / 2 )
53	52	oveq2i 6204	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( 1 / 2 ) )
54	40, 53	syl6eqr 2510	. . . 4 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) x. ( _i / ( 2 x. _i ) ) ) )
55	35, 37, 54	3eqtr4d 2502	. . 3 |- ( A e. CC -> ( _i x. ( sin ` A ) ) = ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) )
56	29, 55	oveq12d 6211	. 2 |- ( A e. CC -> ( ( cos ` A ) + ( _i x. ( sin ` A ) ) ) = ( ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) + ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) + ( ( ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) - ( exp ` ( -u _i x. A ) ) ) / 2 ) ) )
57	18, 28, 56	3eqtr4d 2502	1 |- ( A e. CC -> ( exp ` ( _i x. A ) ) = ( ( cos ` A ) + ( _i x. ( sin ` A ) ) ) )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   /\ wa 369   = wceq 1370   e. wcel 1758   =/= wne 2644   ` cfv 5519  (class class class)co 6193   CCcc 9384   0cc0 9386   1c1 9387   _ici 9388   + caddc 9389   x. cmul 9391   - cmin 9699   -ucneg 9700   / cdiv 10097   2c2 10475   expce 13458   sincsin 13460   cosccos 13461

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1592  ax-4 1603  ax-5 1671  ax-6 1710  ax-7 1730  ax-8 1760  ax-9 1762  ax-10 1777  ax-11 1782  ax-12 1794  ax-13 1952  ax-ext 2430  ax-rep 4504  ax-sep 4514  ax-nul 4522  ax-pow 4571  ax-pr 4632  ax-un 6475  ax-inf2 7951  ax-cnex 9442  ax-resscn 9443  ax-1cn 9444  ax-icn 9445  ax-addcl 9446  ax-addrcl 9447  ax-mulcl 9448  ax-mulrcl 9449  ax-mulcom 9450  ax-addass 9451  ax-mulass 9452  ax-distr 9453  ax-i2m1 9454  ax-1ne0 9455  ax-1rid 9456  ax-rnegex 9457  ax-rrecex 9458  ax-cnre 9459  ax-pre-lttri 9460  ax-pre-lttrn 9461  ax-pre-ltadd 9462  ax-pre-mulgt0 9463  ax-pre-sup 9464  ax-addf 9465  ax-mulf 9466

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 185  df-or 370  df-an 371  df-3or 966  df-3an 967  df-tru 1373  df-fal 1376  df-ex 1588  df-nf 1591  df-sb 1703  df-eu 2264  df-mo 2265  df-clab 2437  df-cleq 2443  df-clel 2446  df-nfc 2601  df-ne 2646  df-nel 2647  df-ral 2800  df-rex 2801  df-reu 2802  df-rmo 2803  df-rab 2804  df-v 3073  df-sbc 3288  df-csb 3390  df-dif 3432  df-un 3434  df-in 3436  df-ss 3443  df-pss 3445  df-nul 3739  df-if 3893  df-pw 3963  df-sn 3979  df-pr 3981  df-tp 3983  df-op 3985  df-uni 4193  df-int 4230  df-iun 4274  df-br 4394  df-opab 4452  df-mpt 4453  df-tr 4487  df-eprel 4733  df-id 4737  df-po 4742  df-so 4743  df-fr 4780  df-se 4781  df-we 4782  df-ord 4823  df-on 4824  df-lim 4825  df-suc 4826  df-xp 4947  df-rel 4948  df-cnv 4949  df-co 4950  df-dm 4951  df-rn 4952  df-res 4953  df-ima 4954  df-iota 5482  df-fun 5521  df-fn 5522  df-f 5523  df-f1 5524  df-fo 5525  df-f1o 5526  df-fv 5527  df-isom 5528  df-riota 6154  df-ov 6196  df-oprab 6197  df-mpt2 6198  df-om 6580  df-1st 6680  df-2nd 6681  df-recs 6935  df-rdg 6969  df-1o 7023  df-oadd 7027  df-er 7204  df-pm 7320  df-en 7414  df-dom 7415  df-sdom 7416  df-fin 7417  df-sup 7795  df-oi 7828  df-card 8213  df-pnf 9524  df-mnf 9525  df-xr 9526  df-ltxr 9527  df-le 9528  df-sub 9701  df-neg 9702  df-div 10098  df-nn 10427  df-2 10484  df-3 10485  df-n0 10684  df-z 10751  df-uz 10966  df-rp 11096  df-ico 11410  df-fz 11548  df-fzo 11659  df-fl 11752  df-seq 11917  df-exp 11976  df-fac 12162  df-hash 12214  df-shft 12667  df-cj 12699  df-re 12700  df-im 12701  df-sqr 12835  df-abs 12836  df-limsup 13060  df-clim 13077  df-rlim 13078  df-sum 13275  df-ef 13464  df-sin 13466  df-cos 13467

This theorem is referenced by:  efmival  13548  efeul  13557  efieq  13558  sinadd  13559  cosadd  13560  absefi  13591  demoivre  13595  efhalfpi  22059  efipi  22061  ef2pi  22065  efimpi  22079  efif1olem4  22127  1cubrlem  22362  asinsin  22413  atantan  22444