Description: Axiom of Specialization.
A quantified wff implies the wff without a
quantifier (i.e. an instance, or special case, of the generalized wff).
In other words if something is true for all , it is true for any
specific (that
would typically occur as a free variable in the wff
substituted for ). (A free variable is one that does not occur in
the scope of a quantifier: and are both
free in ,
but only is free
in   .) Axiom
scheme C5' in [Megill]
p. 448 (p. 16 of the preprint). Also appears as Axiom B5 of [Tarski]
p. 67 (under his system S2, defined in the last paragraph on p. 77).
Note that the converse of this axiom does not hold in general, but a
weaker inference form of the converse holds and is expressed as rule
ax-gen 1679. Conditional forms of the converse are given
by ax-13 2101,
ax-c14 32507, ax-c16 32508, and ax-5 1768.
Unlike the more general textbook Axiom of Specialization, we cannot choose
a variable different from for the special case. For use, that
requires the assistance of equality axioms, and we deal with it later
after we introduce the definition of proper substitution - see stdpc4 2194.
An interesting alternate axiomatization uses axc5c711 32533 and ax-c4 32500 in
place of ax-c5 32499, ax-4 1692, ax-10 1925, and ax-11 1930.
This axiom is obsolete and should no longer be used. It is proved above
as theorem sp 1947. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jan-1993.)
(New usage is discouraged.) |